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PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
Study Material
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
Very Short Answer Questions
Q1. Name the processes which take place in the grana and stroma regions of chloroplasts.
Q2. Where does the photolysis of H2O occur? What is its significance?
Q3. How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are needed to fix a molecule of CO2, in C3 plants? Where does this process occur?
Q4. Mention the components of ATPase enzyme. What is their location? Which part of the enzyme shows conformational change?
Q5. Distinguish between action spectrum and absorption spectrum.
Q6. Of the basic raw materials of photosynthesis, what is reduced? What is oxidised?
Q7. Define the law of limiting factors proposed by Blackman.
Q8. What is the primary acceptor of CO2 in C3 plants? What is first stable compound formed in a Calvin cycle?
Q9. What is the primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants? What is the first compound formed as a result of primary carboxylation in the C4 pathway?
Q1. Draw a neat labelled diagram of chloroplast.
Q2. Tabulate any eight differences between C3 and C4 plants/cycles.
Q4. Describe in brief photorespiration.
Q1. In the light of modern researches, describe the process of electron transport, cyclic and non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation.
Q2. Explain Calvin cycle.
Q1. By looking at a plant externally, can you tell whether a plant is C3 or C4? Why and how?
Q2. By looking at which internal structure of a plant can you tell whether a plant is C3 or C4? Explain.
Q3. Even though a very few cells in a C4 plant carry out the biosynthetic-Calvin pathway, yet they are highly productive. Can you discuss why?
Q4. RuBisCO is an enzyme that acts both as a carboxylase and oxygenase. Why do you think RuBisCO carries out more carboxylation in C4 plants?
Q5. Suppose there were plants that had a high concentration of Chlorophyll b. but lacked chlorophyll a, would it carry out photosynthesis? Then why do plants have chlorophyll b and other accessory pigments?
Q6. Why is the colour of a leaf kept in the dark frequently yellow, or pale green? Which pigment do you think is more stable?
Q7. Look at leaves of the same plant on the shady side and compare it with the leaves on the sunny side. Or, compare the potted plants kept in the sunlight with those in the shade. Which of them has leaves that are darker green ? Why?
Q8. Figure 4.10 shows the effect of light on the rate of photosynthesis. Based on the graph, answer the following questions:(a) At which point/s (A, B or C) in the curve is light a limiting factor?(b) What could be the limiting factor/s in region A?(c) What do C and D represent on the curve?
Q9. Give comparison between the following:(a) C3 and C4 pathways(b) Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation(c) Anatomy of leaf in C3 and C4 plants
Q10. Cyanobacteria and some other photosynthetic bacteria do not have chloroplasts. How do they conduct photosynthesis?
Q11. Why photorespiration does not occur in C4 plants?
Q12. Tomatoes, chillis and carrots are red in colour due to the presence of one pigment. Name the pigment. Is it a photosynthetic pigment?
Q13. If a green plant is kept in dark with proper ventilation, can this plant carry out photosynthesis? Can anything be given as supplement to maintain its growth or survival?
Q14. Photosynthetic organisms occur at different depths in the ocean. Do they receive qualitatively and quantitatively the same light? How do they adapt to carry out photosynthesis under these conditions?
Q15. In tropical rain forests. the canopy is thick and shorter plants growing below it, receive filtered light. How are they able to carry out photosynthesis?
Q16. Why do you believe chloroplast and mitochondria to be semi- autonomous organelle.
Q17. Is it correct to say that photosynthesis occurs only in the leaves of a plant? Besides leaves, what are the other parts that may be capable of carrying out photosynthesis? Justify.
Q18. What can we conclude from the statement that the action and absorption spectrum of photosynthesis overlap? At which wavelength do they show peaks?